A wiki (/ˈwɪki/ (pay attention) WIK-ee) is an on-line hypertext publication collaboratively edited and managed by its own viewers, utilizing a World wide web browser. A standard wiki includes numerous pages with the topics or scope of the task, and will be possibly open up to the public or restricted to use inside an organization for preserving its internal expertise base.
Wikis are enabled by wiki application, normally referred to as wiki engines. A wiki engine, remaining a method of a articles administration system, differs from other Net-based programs like blog software package, in which the information is produced with none defined operator or leader, and wikis have small inherent construction, enabling framework to emerge according to the needs of your customers.[one] Wiki engines typically let written content to be published utilizing a simplified markup language and at times edited with the help of a rich-text editor.[2] You'll find dozens of different wiki engines in use, equally standalone and A part of other software program, like bug tracking methods. Some wiki engines are open-supply, While Other folks are proprietary. Some permit Regulate in excess of various capabilities (levels of entry); for instance, editing rights might allow changing, incorporating, or removing content. Many others may possibly allow entry without enforcing access Manage. Other rules may very well be imposed to arrange information.
The net encyclopedia project, Wikipedia, is the preferred wiki-centered website, and is also Among the most widely considered sites on the planet, owning been ranked in the best 20 because 2007.[three] Wikipedia is not really a single wiki but fairly a collection of many hundreds of wikis, with each one pertaining to a certain language. In combination with Wikipedia, there are countless A large number of other wikis in use, equally public and private, including wikis performing as information administration methods, note-getting resources, Local community Sites, and intranets. The English-language Wikipedia has the most important collection of articles or blog posts: as of February 2020, it's got above six million articles. Ward Cunningham, the developer of the very first wiki software, WikiWikiWeb, at first described wiki as "the simplest on the net databases that would quite possibly get the job done."[4] "Wiki" (pronounced [wiki][Take note 1]) is usually a Hawaiian phrase that means "rapid."[five][6][7]
Contents
one Characteristics
one.one Modifying
1.one.1 Resource editing
one.1.2 Structure consistency
1.one.3 Essential syntax
1.one.4 Visible modifying
1.1.five Model historical past
one.1.six Edit summary
one.2 Navigation
one.3 Linking and making pages
one.four Looking
2 Heritage
3 Option definitions
four Implementations
five Trust and protection
5.one Controlling variations
5.2 Trustworthiness and reliability of content
5.3 Security
five.three.1 Prospective malware vector
6 Communities
six.1 Apps
6.2 Town wikis
six.3 WikiNodes
6.four Contributors
six.5 Growth aspects
seven Conferences
eight Legal environment
nine See also
ten Notes
eleven References
12 Further studying
13 Exterior one-way links
Qualities
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Ward Cunningham
Inside their ebook The Wiki Way: Fast Collaboration online, Ward Cunningham and co-writer Bo Leuf described the essence with the Wiki concept:[8][9][site desired]
"A wiki invitations all customers—not just industry experts—to edit any website page or to develop new pages inside the wiki Internet site, utilizing only a standard "basic-vanilla" World-wide-web browser without any extra incorporate-ons."
"Wiki promotes significant matter associations concerning distinctive web pages by producing webpage url generation intuitively quick and exhibiting no matter if an supposed concentrate on web site exists or not."
"A wiki will not be a thoroughly crafted web-site produced by professionals and Qualified writers and created for casual people. Instead, it seeks to entail The standard customer/consumer in an ongoing technique of creation and collaboration that constantly improvements the web site landscape."
A wiki permits communities of editors and contributors to jot down files collaboratively. All that people have to have to lead is a computer, Access to the internet, a web browser, plus a primary understanding of a simple markup language (e.g. MediaWiki markup language). A single web site inside of a wiki Site is often called a "wiki page", although the entire assortment of webpages, which usually are perfectly-interconnected by hyperlinks, is "the wiki". A wiki is actually a databases for building, searching, and searching through info. A wiki makes it possible for non-linear, evolving, complicated, and networked text, whilst also allowing for for editor argument, discussion, and conversation regarding the written content and formatting.[ten] A defining attribute of wiki technology is the ease with which webpages might be produced and up to date. Commonly, there isn't any evaluate by a moderator or gatekeeper ahead of modifications are accepted and thus bring on modifications on the web site. Numerous wikis are open to alteration by most of the people devoid of requiring registration of user accounts. A lot of edits may be produced in authentic-time and appear Pretty much right away on-line, but this element facilitates abuse in the method. Non-public wiki servers need consumer authentication to edit pages, and at times even to go through them. Maged N. Kamel Boulos, Cito Maramba, and Steve Wheeler produce the open wikis generate a strategy of Social Darwinism. "... due to openness and rapidity that wiki webpages is usually edited, the webpages https://nextuspresident.com/ undergo an evolutionary variety approach, not not like that which character subjects to living organisms. 'Unfit' sentences and sections are ruthlessly culled, edited and changed if they aren't thought of 'fit', which with any luck , results in the evolution of a better excellent plus more relevant page."[eleven]
Editing
"Wikitext" redirects listed here. For that Wikipedia assist site, see Support:Wikitext.
Source modifying
Some wikis have an edit button or link right on the webpage staying considered If your person has authorization to edit the site. This can lead to a textual content-based modifying web page exactly where individuals can construction and structure wiki web pages which has a simplified markup language, at times called wikitext, wiki markup or wikicode (it also can cause a WYSIWYG enhancing website page; begin to see the paragraph following the table underneath). For example, beginning strains of text with asterisks could produce a bulleted checklist. The design and syntax of wikitexts may vary enormously amongst wiki implementations,[illustration required] a few of which also allow HTML tags.
Layout regularity
Wikis have favored simple-text modifying, with much less and less complicated conventions than HTML for indicating design and style and framework. Though restricting access to HTML and Cascading Type Sheets (CSS) of wikis restrictions user ability to change the construction and formatting of wiki material, there are some benefits. Minimal entry to CSS promotes regularity in the feel and appear, and owning JavaScript disabled helps prevent a person from employing code that may limit other customers' accessibility.
Simple syntax
MediaWiki syntax
(the source code utilized to insert formatting to text) HTML equivalent
(Internet code used to insert formatting to text) Rendered output
(as witnessed by guests on the wiki)
"Just take some a lot more [[tea]]," the March Hare claimed to Alice, really earnestly.
"I've experienced '''absolutely nothing''' nonetheless," Alice replied within an offended tone, "so I can't get a lot more."
"You indicate you can't just take ''much less''," stated the Hatter. "It is very simple to choose ''much more'' than nothing at all."
"Choose some much more tea," the March Hare stated to Alice, really earnestly.
"I've experienced nothing nonetheless," Alice replied in an offended tone, "so I am unable to just take much more."
"You suggest You cannot choose fewer," claimed the Hatter. "It's extremely easy to get additional than nothing."
"Just take some much more tea," the March Hare mentioned to Alice, very earnestly.
"I have experienced nothing at all nonetheless," Alice replied in https://texexit.com/ an offended tone, "so I can not get more."
"You suggest You cannot consider fewer," stated the Hatter. "It is very straightforward to acquire in https://autoloannews.com/ excess of practically nothing."
Visible modifying
Wikis might also make WYSIWYG editing available to consumers, normally via a JavaScript Command that interprets graphically entered formatting Recommendations into your corresponding HTML tags or wikitext. In All those implementations, the markup of the freshly edited, marked-up Edition from the web page is produced and submitted for the server transparently, shielding the consumer from this specialized element. An example of this is the VisualEditor on Wikipedia. WYSIWYG controls don't, even so, generally offer the many functions available in wikitext, and a few buyers desire not to use a WYSIWYG editor. Therefore, several of those web pages provide some signifies to edit the wikitext immediately.
Model historical past
Some wikis retain a history of modifications made to wiki internet pages; normally, every single version in the web page is stored. Which means authors can revert to an more mature version from the site really should or not it's essential since a miscalculation has become designed, like the information accidentally remaining deleted or maybe the site continues to be vandalized to incorporate offensive or destructive text or other inappropriate information.
Edit summary
"Edit summary" redirects right here. For your Wikipedia aid site, see Aid:Edit summary.
Quite a few wiki implementations, which include MediaWiki, the software that powers Wikipedia, allow for end users to supply an edit summary whenever they edit a site. This can be a short piece of text summarizing the changes they've produced (e.g. "Corrected grammar," or "Preset formatting in table."). It is not inserted into your post's key text but is saved in addition to that revision of the web page, making it possible for customers to elucidate what has actually been finished and why. This is comparable to a log message when generating alterations in the revision-Management system. This enables other customers to find out which alterations are created by whom and why, generally in an index of summaries, dates along with other short, applicable content material, a list which is named a "log" or "historical past."
Navigation
In the textual content of most pages, there are frequently quite a few hypertext hyperlinks to other web pages inside the wiki. This manner of non-linear navigation is much more "native" to your wiki than structured/formalized navigation strategies. Users might also make any quantity of index or table-of-contents internet pages, with hierarchical categorization or regardless of what method of Business they like. These could possibly be complicated to take care of "by hand", as several authors and end users may produce and delete internet pages within an advertisement hoc, unorganized fashion. Wikis can offer one or more tips on how to categorize or tag webpages to aid the upkeep of these index web pages. Some wikis, including the first, Have got a backlink characteristic, which shows all webpages that backlink to your provided webpage. It is additionally usually doable within a wiki to produce one-way links to pages that don't however exist, as a method to invite others to share whatever they know about a subject matter new to your wiki. Wiki buyers can commonly "tag" internet pages with classes or keywords and phrases, to really make it easier for other users to locate the short article. One example is, a consumer developing a new post on chilly-climate biking could possibly "tag" this website page underneath the classes of commuting, winter sports and bicycling. This is able to enable it to be simpler for other users to discover the posting.
Linking and creating internet pages
Back links are made working with a particular syntax, the so-referred to as "connection sample". Originally, Best Newspaper most wikis[citation needed] used CamelCase to name web pages and generate back links. They are made by capitalizing words in a phrase and removing the spaces in between them (the phrase "CamelCase" is by itself an instance). Although CamelCase would make linking uncomplicated, In addition it leads to backlinks in a form that deviates within the conventional spelling. To link to the site with an individual-term title, just one have to abnormally capitalize among the list of letters inside the phrase (e.g. "WiKi" rather than "Wiki"). CamelCase-based mostly wikis are quickly recognizable since they have a lot of back links with names such as "TableOfContents" and "BeginnerQuestions." a wiki can render the noticeable anchor of these types of links "very" by reinserting spaces, And perhaps also reverting to reduced circumstance. This reprocessing on the hyperlink to Increase the readability of the anchor is, even so, limited by the lack of capitalization data due to CamelCase reversal. As an example, "RichardWagner" need to be rendered as "Richard Wagner", While "PopularMusic" ought to be rendered as "well-liked songs". There's no quick technique to determine which cash letters ought to continue to be capitalized. Because of this, several wikis now have "free of charge linking" employing brackets, and a few disable CamelCase by default.
Exploring
Most wikis provide not less than a title research, and occasionally an entire-text research. The scalability with the research relies on if the wiki engine takes advantage of a databases. Some wikis, for instance PmWiki, use flat files.[twelve] MediaWiki's 1st versions utilised flat documents, but it had been rewritten by Lee Daniel Crocker within the early 2000s (10 years) for being a databases application.[citation essential] Indexed databases entry is necessary for https://refinanceloanmortgage.com/ large velocity lookups on huge wikis. Alternatively, exterior serps for example Google Research can sometimes be applied on wikis with minimal hunting functions to obtain additional precise outcomes.
Heritage
Main short article: Record of wikis
Wiki Wiki Shuttle at Honolulu Worldwide Airport
WikiWikiWeb was the primary wiki.[13] Ward Cunningham begun establishing WikiWikiWeb in Portland, Oregon, in 1994, and mounted it on-line area c2.com on March twenty five, 1995. It absolutely was named by Cunningham, who remembered a Honolulu Worldwide Airport counter employee telling him to go ahead and take "Wiki Wiki Shuttle" bus that runs among the airport's terminals. According to Cunningham, "I selected wiki-wiki as an alliterative substitute for 'rapid' and thereby prevented naming this stuff brief-web."[fourteen][15]
Cunningham was, partly, motivated because of the Apple HyperCard, which he had made use of. HyperCard, nonetheless, was one-consumer.[16] Apple had intended a technique allowing buyers to build Digital "card stacks" supporting backlinks between the assorted playing cards. Cunningham created Vannevar Bush's ideas by enabling users to "touch upon and alter each other's textual content."[two][17] Cunningham claims his goals had been to hyperlink with each other individuals's experiences to make a new literature to document programming styles, and to harness individuals's natural desire to discuss and tell tales using a technologies that would come to feel comfy to All those not utilized to "authoring".[16]
Wikipedia grew to become probably the most well known wiki internet site, launched in January 2001 and coming into the very best ten most favored Sites in 2007. From the early 2000s (decade), wikis were being progressively adopted in company as collaborative application. Prevalent works by using incorporated job interaction, intranets, and documentation, in the beginning for technical people. Some firms use wikis as their only collaborative software package and as being a substitute for static intranets, plus some universities and universities use wikis to boost group Understanding. There may be bigger use of wikis driving firewalls than on the public World-wide-web. On March 15, 2007, the term wiki was mentioned in the net Oxford English Dictionary.[eighteen]
Choice definitions
From the late 1990s and early 2000s, the term "wiki" was utilized to confer with both of those consumer-editable Web sites and the software that powers them; the latter definition continues to be occasionally in use.[one] Wiki inventor Ward Cunningham wrote in 2014[19] which the phrase "wiki" shouldn't be utilized to confer with only one website, but fairly to your mass of person-editable web pages or internet sites to make sure that one Web page isn't "a wiki" but "an occasion of wiki". He wrote that the principle of wiki federation, through which the same information is often hosted and edited in more than one site inside a fashion comparable to dispersed Edition Manage, meant which the principle of a single discrete "wiki" no more designed perception.[20]
Implementations
See also: Listing of wiki computer software
Wiki software program is a kind of collaborative software program that runs a wiki technique, permitting Web content to be created and edited applying a standard Net browser. It could be implemented being a series of scripts powering an existing Website server or as a standalone application server that runs on a number of Internet servers. The articles is stored within a file method, and alterations to the information are saved in a relational databases administration program. A commonly carried out software package bundle is MediaWiki, which runs Wikipedia. Alternatively, own wikis run as being a standalone application on an individual Laptop.
Wikis can also be established on the "wiki farm", the place the server-side application is applied because of the wiki farm operator. Some wiki farms might also make non-public, password-safeguarded wikis. Totally free wiki farms frequently have marketing on every web page. For more information, see Comparison of wiki internet hosting